تحلیل راهبردی عوامل کلیدی موفقیت همکاری-رقابت در بخش بهداشت و درمان: رویکرد تحلیل سناریو و نقشه شناختی فازی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

استادیار گروه مدیریت کسب و کار، دانشکده علوم مالی، مدیریت و کارآفرینی، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران.

چکیده

هدف:راهبرد همرقابتی یا همکاری-رقابت یک رویکرداستراتژیک پرطرفداردر بخش بهداشت ودرمان است.علی‌رغم استقبال از این رویکرد، سازمان‌هادرپیاده‌سازی آن برای بهره مندی ازتمامی مزایای آن بامشکلاتی مواجه است.از این رو پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی عوامل کلیدی موفقیت راهبرد همکاری-رقابت در نظام سلامت و تحلیل سناریو این عوامل انجام شده است.
روش:این پژوهش از نوع ترکیبی (کیفی-کمی) است، در مرحله اول تحقیق (کیفی) براساس مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساختاریافته وتحلیل مضمون، عوامل کلیدی موفقت شناسایی شده ودر مرحله دوم (کمی)، به‌منظور تحلیل این عوامل از نقشه شناختی فازی و تحلیل سناریو استفاده شده است.
یافته‌ها: در نتیجه اقدامات تحقیق مرحله اول 74 عامل کلیدی موفقیت شناسایی شدکه در قالب 15 کلان دسته «مدیریت منابع انسانی»،«مهارت تشخیص و رفع ناسازگاری‌ها»،«آموزش مدیران»،«مدیریت روابط بین سازمان»،«میزان وابستگی و مشابهت»،«مدیریت اطلاعات»،«نظارت وارزیابی هوشمندانه»،«خدمت‌دهی هوشمندانه»،«فرهنگ‌سازی مناسب»،«مدیر مثبت‌نگر»،«چند منبعی بودن»،«طراحی محیط کاری»،«کار گروهی»،«مدیریت قراردادها»و«به‌گزینی» گروه‌بندی شدند. بر اساس خروجی نقشه شناختی فازی «آموزش مدیران»و«مدیریت قراردادها» پیشران و«خدمت‌دهی هوشمندانه» دریافت‌کننده اثر است.سایر عوامل کلیدی موفقیت، نیز نقش متغیر معمولی را دارند. بالاترین درجات وابستگی به ترتیب برای «مدیریت روابط بین سازمان»و«نظارت وارزیابی هوشمندانه»است. «به‌گزینی» و«مهارت تشخیص ورفع ناسازگاری‌ها» بیشترین میزان اثرگذاری و «مدیریت روابط بین سازمان» و «مهارت تشخیص و رفع ناسازگاری‌ها» بیشترین میزان مرکزیت را داراست. همپوشانی سناریوهای روبه عقب بیانگر جایگاه ویژه «نظارت و ارزیابی هوشمندانه»، «مدیریت قراردادها» و «فرهنگ‌سازی مناسب» است. همچنین همپوشانی سناریوهای روبه‌جلو بیانگر اهمیت «به‌گزینی» و «آموزش مدیران» است.
نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس یافته‌های تحقیق، توسعه زیرساخت‌های اطلاعاتی، به‌گزینی، تنظیم قراردادها بر مبنای پوشش چالش‌ها و آموزش‌های مدیریتی برای توسعه همرقابتی توصیه می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Strategic Analysis of the Key Success Factors of Cooperation-Competition in the Healthcare: Scenario Analysis and Fuzzy Cognitive Map Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmaeil Mazroui Nasrabadi
  • Zahra Sadeqi-Arani
Assistant Professor, Department of management and Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Financial Science, Management and Entrepreneurship, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Objective:Coopetition strategy(cooperation-competition)is a popular strategic approach in the healthcare.Despite the acceptance of this approach,organizations have faced difficulties in implementing it to benefit from all its advantages.Therefore,the current research was conducted with the aim of identifying the key success factors of the cooperation-competition strategy in the healthcare and analyzing the scenario of these factors.
Method:This research is a mixed (qualitative-quantitative)research.In the first stage(qualitative)based on semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis,the key success factors were identified and in the second stage(quantitative),fuzzy cognitive map and scenario analysis was used to rank these factors.
Results:As a result of the first stage,74key factors of success were identified and categorized to15categories:"human resource management","skills to detect and resolve inconsistencies","training of managers","management of relations between organizations","degree of dependence and similarity".,"Information management","Smart monitoring and evaluation","Smart service","Appropriate culture creation","Positive manager","Multiple sources","Work environment design","Team work","contracts Management"and,"benchmarking".Based on the output of the fuzzy-cognitive-map,"Training of managers"and"contracts Management "are the driver and"Smart service"is the receiver.Other key success factors are typical.The highest degrees of dependence are "inter-organizational relationship management"and"intelligent monitoring and evaluation"."benchmarking"and"skill to detect and resolve inconsistencies"have the highest degree of effectiveness,and"management of relations between organizations"and"skill to detect and resolve inconsistencies"have the highest degree of centrality.The overlap of the backward scenarios indicates the special position of"smart monitoring and evaluation","contract management"and"proper culture building".Also,the overlap of future scenarios shows the importance of"benchmarking"and"training managers".
Conclusion: Based on the findings,the development of information infrastructure,benchmarking,regulation of contracts based on the coverage of challenges and management training are recommended for the development of cooperation-competition strategy in health care sector.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Key Success Factors
  • Cooperation-Competition Strategy
  • Healthcare
  • Scenario Analysis
  • Fuzzy Cognitive Map

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